Рыбаки рассказывают, как частенько над Байкалом видят древние замки, старинные корабли, поезда, НЛО. Учёные называют такие явления миражами.
На Байкале идеальные условия для возникновения миражей: потоки тёплого воздуха над охлаждённой водой летом, прозрачная атмосфера и сильные морозы с недвижимым воздухом зимой. В слоях воздуха с разной плотностью световые лучи преломляются, искажаются и приобретают неправильные, фантастические формы. Так, велосипедист в мареве дороги может показаться садящимся "Боингом", небольшой рыбацкий баркас предстать в образе парящего над водой "Титаника", а плавающая утка восприниматься как большая лодка.
Где встречаются оптические чудеса?
Миражи регулярно фиксируются у северо-восточной части острова Ольхон, у мыса Солнечный и у острова Большой Ушканий. В году обычно бывает 2-6 дней с миражами, а в отдельные годы их число может достигать 16. Байкальские рыбаки именуют это явление голоменицей, когда далёкие предметы как бы приближаются и становятся отчётливо различимы, хотя в обычных условиях разглядеть их просто невозможно. Про мысы, поднятые над водой в воздухе, байкальские рыбаки говорят, что они
Картина художника Вячеслава Белых "Миражи Севера"
голоменятся. Голоменица - "очистка мороков" - бывает во время перемены ветра. Дневные миражи часто наблюдаются в тихую летнюю погоду при полном штиле на озере. Чаще всего миражи выражаются в парении удалённых мысов над водой. С метеостанции Большого Ушканьего острова наблюдатели фиксировали миражи, при которых скалистый северный контур острова Ольхон с характерной скалой Хобой приподнимался над горизонтом и медленно уплывал к материку, а также необычные красные столбы света над мысом Рытый. Необычные миражи дальнего видения наблюдали местные жители из пос. Большие Коты и села Большое Голоустное, когда можно было отчётливо видеть деревни на противоположном берегу и пересчитать все избы, хотя расстояние между берегами превышает 40 км и в обычных условиях деревни на противоположном берегу недоступны человеческому глазу даже с помощью бинокля. Зимой нависающие надо льдом миражи торосов сливаются с настоящими торосами и пугают путешественника своими большими размерами и сплошным частоколом торчащих льдин. По мере приближения к ним их высота уменьшается, а вблизи мираж полностью растворяется и оказывается, что среди торосов можно свободно проехать.
То ли поезд-призрак...
Исследователь Байкала В.В. Ла-макин в своей книге "По берегам и островам Байкала" описал редкий ночной мираж, наблюдаемый им в 1957 г. напротив села Большое Голоустное; "Накануне вдоль Байкала дул сильный юго-западный ветер, называемый култуком, но возвращались мы при затихшей погоде. К вечеру совсем заштилело. Ночь выдалась очень тёмная. Выйдя в начале ночи на палубу, я увидел поразительное зрелище. Передо мной совсем близко, на расстоянии как будто не более одного километра, над озером как бы по воздуху проходил пассажирский поезд. В действительности поезд находился на противоположном берегу Байкала, т.е. на расстоянии 50 км.
Призрачный поезд шёл совершенно беззвучно. Никакого шума и стука колёс, разумеется, нельзя было расслышать на таком расстоянии. Чёрная ночь и безмолвие подчёркивали таинственность явления. Собственно говоря, сам поезд, т.е. паровоз и вагоны, не были видны. Отчётливо различались только освещенные окна в виде больших прямоугольников. В некоторых окнах были заметны силуэты людей. Светящиеся окна распределялись на несколько групп. Они разделялись более широкими тёмными промежутками. Можно было сосчитать количество вагонов. Поезд, безмолвно шедший в чёрной темноте по воздуху, казался ночным приведением. На несколько минут он остановился. По-видимому, это была станция Боярская. Затем воздушный поезд отправился дальше - к Танхою".
...или НЛО...
Автор этих строк наблюдал с идущего катера в летнее время на горизонте озера причудливое очертание огромного объекта, парящего над водой, который было невозможно отождествить ни с какими рукотворными сооружениями на берегах Байкала. Чёрный расплывчатый объект, напоминающий треугольный НЛО огромного размера, висел над водой остриём вниз, его можно было отчётливо рассматривать в бинокль в течение часа, и только по мере приближения к нему висящее над водой изображение постепенно растворялось, а под ним в мощный бинокль можно было разглядеть контур крупного байкальского судна "Клара Цеткин". Оптический мираж, отражённый в мареве тёплого воздуха над холодной байкальской водой, перевернул изображение корабля над водой и десятикратно его увеличил, придав ему неузнаваемый и совершенно фантастический облик.
...а может, английский замок?
На акватории Байкала очень часто можно наблюдать перевёрнутые зеркальные силуэты кораблей, воспринимаемые на большом расстоянии как загадочные и необъяснимые объекты больших размеров, парящие над водой. Иногда можно увидеть отражение удалённых байкальских мысов и островов, приподнятых высоко над водой, обычно не наблюдаемых из-за своей удалённости. В местных газетах периодически появляются сообщения о необычных миражах. Так, в одной из иркутских газет сообщалось о наблюдении миража в Больших Котах, когда над водой напротив посёлка повисла сказочная деревня, сплошь состоящая из аккуратных оранжевых домиков. Очевидцы отмечали, что хорошо были видны освещенные окна в избах. Этот мираж был подобен знаменитым случаям наблюдений в Гренландии и Англии висящих в небе, неизвестных больших городов с замками и храмами, которые можно было наблюдать в течение трёх часов.
Рандеву фата-морганы и северного сияния.
В отличие от миражей в пустынях, природа которых связана с рефракцией в прогретом воздухе над раскалённой почвой, байкальские миражи возникают над холодной поверхностью воды и парят высоко в воздухе, носят название верхних миражей или миражей дальнего видения и вызваны перераспределением тёплых и холодных слоев воздуха, в воздушных линзах которых причудливо преломляется свет. Атмосферная рефракция приподнимает предметы, что позволяет заглянуть за черту горизонта. Подобные миражи позволяют наблюдать объекты, удалённые на немыслимые расстояния - до 1000 км. Это явление типично для холодных регионов, особенно при значительной температурной инверсии, когда над более холодным слоем воздуха находится более тёплый слой. Иногда наблюдаются тройные миражи, когда над невидимым за горизонтом объектом возникает его перевёрнутый аналог, а над ним - ещё одно правильное изображение. Эти приподнятые над горизонтом миражи могут видеть удалённые наблюдатели.
Существует ещё третья самая загадочная группа миражей, называемых фата-морганами, убедительных объяснений которым пока не найдено. Своё название они получили в честь героини эпоса Фата Морганы, отвергнутой возлюбленным Ланцелотом и от горя поселившейся в хрустальном дворце на дне моря. С тех пор она обманывает мореплавателей призрачными видениями. Среди самых загадочных её творений - знаменитый образ парусника "Летучего голландца", который до сих пор видят мореплаватели, хроно-миражи исторических сражений, произошедших в прошлом, и миражи исчезнувших загадочных старинных городов с храмами и минаретами. Люди видели миражи начиная с глубокой древности, о чём сохранилось немало преданий. Древние египтяне верили, что мираж - это призрак страны, которой больше нет на свете.
Подобный необъяснимый мираж был сфотографирован на мысе Рытом. Над мысом, славящимся своими аномалиями и зарницами, появилась отчётливо видимая пространственная решётка, парящая, как хрустальный замок, над снежными горами мыса. Местные рыбаки клянутся, что якобы'каждую зиму напротив Голоустенского мыса видят медленно передвигающийся по льду Байкала призрачный обоз с солдатами.
К редким атмосферным явлениям на Байкале относятся случаи наблюдения северного сияния. Интенсивные сполохи холодного свечения в атмосфере наблюдаются только из акватории Северного Байкала. Над озером можно видеть также оптические атмосферные явления в виде стоящих цветных столбов при заходе солнца, яркие зарницы ночью и многоцветные радуги.
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Опубликованно: 10 ноября 2008 21:53.
Опубликованно: 10 ноября 2008 21:53.
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Having read this I thought it was really enlightening. I appreciate you spending some time and effort to put this short article together. I once again find myself spending a lot of time both reading and commenting. But so what, it was still worthwhile!…
a colleague or a client. an issue…
comes up that you happen to know a lot about. so you start sharing your thoughts and advice. write it down. good blogs can be as short at 100 words — short bits of advice or commentary on an issue that…
using all capital letters or excessive punctuation….
also, be honest about any defects in the items you have for sale.2. consider starting your own ebay store for selling large quantities, since they have a longer run time than typical auctions. participate in the ebay community and read the…
that may affect our everyday lives. if…
a blogger performs an in-depth research about such an issue, writing a blog about it will aid others having similar difficulties and these individuals will be able to relate to your blog.your aim as a blogger is to improve your ranking…
to improve your internet marketing strategy, i…
advice you should write articles.• link popularity: using article directories is an essential mechanism for boosting one’s website/blog in the overall search engine rankings. by submitting articles to article directories, it is possible to get hu…
Just Looking…
When I was browsing yesterday I saw a great article about…
that gives a greater visual dimension to…
your blog. this plugin allows you to upload loads of photos, create albums and galleries. you copy some code into a page, give it a title and hit publish to create picture galleries within your site. it has several widgets that…
Tumblr article…
I saw a writer talking about this on Tumblr and it linked to…
Looking around…
I like to browse around the internet, often I will just go to Stumble Upon and follow thru…
Just looking here…
Hello, Neat post. There is a problem with your website in web explorer, may check this… IE still is the marketplace leader and a huge portion of other people will miss your excellent writing due to this problem….
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News info…
I was reading the news and I saw this really interesting topic…
Great website…
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Lucy Dipierro…
This is a good tip especially to those fresh to the blogosphere. Simple but very accurate info… Appreciate your sharing this one. A must read post!…
Community…
I am forever saying that its hard to get good help, but here is…
book in the store, it might have…
been the string of testimonials by other authors (most of whom i guarantee never read the book), or it might have been the back cover description, or it might have been ads in magazines or on tv that made readers buy…
isn’t a priority.your blog may only be…
an add onto your main site, something else to help boost the visits to your site.again, your priorities may be to other parts of your site or business, and having a blogger write for you means you site’s blog keeps ticking…
Yahoo results…
While browsing Yahoo I discovered this page in the results and I didn’t think it fit…
Sources…
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to having a conversation with their idol….
here are a couple of celebrities that are actively blogging. celebrity chef, jamie olivermy favorite celebrity chef, jamie oliver’s website is updated regularly by none other than himself. though there are people who design and manage his website for …
without the comma, web spiders will read…
the keywords as a long phrase. seo content writing activities are marked for their professionalism. a trained copywriter writer understands that you need to produce fresh, updated, and factual matter when writing for the web.the significance of seo con…
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